Cell:新冠肺炎症状严重 鼻咽区抗病毒基激活但重症钝早败

顾汉现

为何有些人新冠肺炎症状更严重

在感染新冠病毒后，鼻咽区域的上皮细胞会发生显著变化  分泌黏液的细胞及未成熟纤毛细胞会增多 在轻中度患者中  鼻咽区域的上皮细胞中有更多与抗病毒反应相关基因会被激活，重度患者鼻咽区域的早期免疫反应会较为迟钝。 对 新冠病毒 SARS-CoV-2 感染作出反应的鼻上皮细胞中内在抗病毒免疫的早期失败可能是发展为严重 COVID-19 的基础和预测因素。
本文是新冠病毒肺炎发病机理的医学研究论文。


环球科学

2021/07/29

论文
论文标题：Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19
作者：Carly G.K. Ziegler, Vincent N. Miao, Anna H. Owings, Andrew W. Navia, Ying Tang, Joshua D. Bromley, Peter Lotfy, Meredith Sloan, Hannah Laird, Haley B. Williams, Micayla George, Riley S. Drake, Taylor Christian, Adam Parker, Campbell B. Sindel, Molly W. Burger, Yilianys Pride, Mohammad Hasan, Jose Ordovas-Montanes

期刊：Cell
发表时间：2021/07/23
数字识别码：10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.023
摘要：SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause severe respiratory COVID-19. However, many individuals present with isolated upper respiratory symptoms, suggesting potential to constrain viral pathology to the nasopharynx. Which cells SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets and how infection influences the respiratory epithelium remains incompletely understood. We performed scRNA-seq on nasopharyngeal swabs from 58 healthy and COVID-19 participants. During COVID-19, we observe expansion of secretory, loss of ciliated, and epithelial cell repopulation via deuterosomal expansion. In mild/moderate COVID-19, epithelial cells express anti-viral/interferon-responsive genes, while cells in severe COVID-19 have muted anti-viral responses despite equivalent viral loads. SARS-CoV-2 RNA+ host-target cells are highly heterogenous, including developing ciliated, interferon-responsive ciliated, AZGP1high goblet, and KRT13+ “hillock”-like cells, and we identify genes associated with susceptibility, resistance, or infection response. Our study defines protective and detrimental responses to SARS-CoV-2, the direct viral targets of infection, and suggests that failed nasal epithelial anti-viral immunity may underlie and precede severe COVID-19.

所属学科：
免疫学

当新冠病毒入侵人体时，会最先感染人体的鼻咽区域。据一项发表于《细胞》的研究，人体最初对抗新冠病毒的免疫反应程度，或可以用于确定患者后期的症状。研究人员通过收集35名成年的新冠肺炎患者的鼻拭子样本，并以23名健康人作为对照。他们通过细胞RNA测序发现，在感染新冠病毒后，患者鼻咽区域的上皮细胞会发生显著变化。分泌黏液的细胞及未成熟纤毛细胞会增多，而清理呼吸道的、成熟的纤毛细胞会减少。此外，在轻中度患者中，鼻咽区域的上皮细胞中有更多与抗病毒反应相关基因会被激活，相比之下，重度患者鼻咽区域的早期免疫反应会较为迟钝。

https://www.cell.com/cell/fullte ... 25%3Fshowall%3Dtrue

https://www.sciencedirect.com/sc ... i/S0092867421008825

https://www.linkresearcher.com/t ... 7-9679-0b263cf4038b



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