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本帖最后由 邓文龙 于 2021-12-19 15:01 编辑
Nature:渐冻症相关病理分子的结构被揭示
渐冻症ALS病理性细丝的结构。 渐冻症ALS是由于运动神经元出现退行性变性,患者会逐渐失去对肌肉的控制能力,最终因呼吸肌麻痹而亡故。神经退行性疾病有肌萎缩侧索硬化症(即“渐冻症”ALS,著名已故物理学家霍金就是患此症),以及阿尔茨海默病(即老年痴呆症,已故美国总统里根、已故英国撒切尔首相即患此病)和帕金森氏症(即震颤麻痹症,已故中国领导人邓小平即患此症) 等等。本文是神经科退行性疾病关联之基础医学研究论文。
环球科学
2021/12/16
论文
论文标题:Structure of pathological TDP-43 filaments from ALS with FTLD
作者:Arseni, Diana, Hasegawa, Masato, Murzin, Alexey G., Kametani, Fuyuki, Arai, Makoto, Yoshida, Mari, Ryskeldi-Falcon, Benjamin
期刊:Nature
发表时间:2021/12/08
数字识别码:10.1038/s41586-021-04199-3
摘要:The abnormal aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) in neurons and glia is the defining pathological hallmark of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)1,2. It is also common in other diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. No disease-modifying therapies exist for these conditions and early diagnosis is not possible. The structures of pathological TDP-43 aggregates are unknown. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structures of aggregated TDP-43 in the frontal and motor cortices of an individual who had ALS with FTLD and from the frontal cortex of a second individual with the same diagnosis. An identical amyloid-like filament structure comprising a single protofilament was found in both brain regions and individuals. The ordered filament core spans residues 282–360 in the TDP-43 low-complexity domain and adopts a previously undescribed double-spiral-shaped fold, which shows no similarity to those of TDP-43 filaments formed in vitro3,4. An abundance of glycine and neutral polar residues facilitates numerous turns and restricts β-strand length, which results in an absence of β-sheet stacking that is associated with cross-β amyloid structure. An uneven distribution of residues gives rise to structurally and chemically distinct surfaces that face external densities and suggest possible ligand-binding sites. This work enhances our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of ALS and FTLD and informs the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents that target aggregated TDP-43.
所属学科:
医学
结构生物学
神经医学
图片来源:B. Ryskeldi-Falcon/MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS,也称渐冻症)是一种在成年人中最常见的运动神经元疾病。由于运动神经元出现退行性变性,患者会逐渐失去对肌肉的控制能力,最终因呼吸肌麻痹而死亡。目前,该疾病尚无有效的治疗或缓解措施,主要通过是否存在蛋白质TDP-43的聚集体来进行诊断。一项发表于《自然》的新研究首次展示了这种和ALS相关的病理分子的结构,或可为治疗该疾病带来启发。
TDP-43会在ALS患者的运动神经元中异常聚集并沉积,促使神经元出现退行性变性。研究者利用冷冻电镜技术观察了两位ALS遗体捐献者大脑中的TDP-43聚集体,首次绘制出了它们的分子图像,均呈现类似双螺旋的丝状折叠结构。这种蛋白质聚集形式与其他一些神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病中出现的淀粉样蛋白斑块并不相同,且与此前在体外重建的TDP-43聚集体的结构也不相同。研究者认为,蛋白质的聚集方式或能决定神经退行性变性疾病的类型,这项研究也能为开发ALS的诊断和治疗措施奠定基础。
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文章标签
肌萎缩侧索硬化
运动神经元疾病
神经退行性疾病
病理分子
TDP-43
冷冻电镜
丝状折叠结构
蛋白质聚集
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04199-3
https://www.linkresearcher.com/t ... 6-8a04-66f74d01f780
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