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新冠肺炎痊癒,折磨還在後頭!近8成有嚴重後遺症

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发表于 2021-9-8 11:59:04 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 顾汉现 于 2021-9-8 12:04 编辑

新冠肺炎痊癒,折磨還在後頭!近8成有嚴重後遺症

新冠肺炎痊癒,折磨還在後頭!近8成有嚴重後遺症圖片來源 / 陳德信攝

瀏覽數245,762

2021/01/22 · 作者 / 陳蔚承 · 出處 / 康健編輯部

新冠肺炎肆虐1年多,有人不幸死亡,有人從死神手中逃過一劫,但新研究發現,這群痊癒者面臨另一個新問題:嚴重的後遺症。 

「艱辛的長途」後遺症持續6個月 感染程度愈高肺部後遺症愈明顯
發表在權威期刊《刺胳針(The Lancet)》的中國研究發現,1,700名從新冠肺炎痊癒的人,有76%的人至少出現一種後遺症,並持續6個月之久。最常見的症狀包括疲倦、肌肉無力、睡眠障礙、焦慮和沮喪。

中國首都醫科大學感染科主治醫師、研究者曹彬(Bin Cao)表示,新冠肺炎是一種新型疾病,目前只能了解它如何感染人體,但對於長遠的影響還不是那麼清楚。該研究也發現,感染程度愈嚴重,除了上述後遺症,肺部功能也會有程度不一的傷害;且有13%的人出現腎功能下降的現象。(推薦閱讀:長庚感染科醫師看國內醫院感染事件:醫護人力不足、負荷過重)

新冠肺炎_肺炎_後遺症
(新冠肺炎肆虐,痊癒後的後遺症被國外醫界關注。圖片來源 / 陳德信攝)

歐美也發生觀察到類似的現象。美國史坦頓島大學醫院副院長古特(Thomas Gut)指出,早期的症狀目前已大致清楚,但治療後的後遺症目前成因還不確定,他也在醫院實際看到類似的情況。他發現,隨著病況改善,病人隨即面臨長達1年、經過檢查卻無法解釋、也不知如何治療的後遺症,「新冠肺炎從得病到痊癒是一條漫長的道路。」

而這樣的現象,西方醫界稱為「艱辛的長途」(long-haul),新冠肺炎的病人一旦罹病就如同踏上旅途,面對未知的後果和併發症,且不是一兩天、幾個月就能結束。

廣告
輕度感染也可能有後遺症
另一篇刊登在《美國胸科學會年鑑(Annals of the American Thoracic Society)》的研究也發現,即使是輕症,痊癒後也可能有後遺症。愛爾蘭都柏林的聖詹姆斯醫院(St. James's Hospital)發現,60%的輕症病人在家自主管理、痊癒後,仍無法回到健康狀態,反之持續為虛弱、失眠、憂鬱、喘不過氣和腦霧(記憶力、專注力變差)所苦。

美國麥高文醫學院( McGovern Medical School at UTHealth)感染科教授歐斯卓斯基( Luis Ostrosky)也指出,後遺症第一多的是虛弱,第二則是腦霧,「原則上感染程度愈嚴重,後續的症狀會持續愈久,但在部分輕症病人身上也看到了這個現象。」

主要研究者陶森醫師(Liam Townsend)發現,這些痊癒後的病人指出,以往走跑步機都不會覺得喘,但罹病、痊癒後,走跑步機卻喘不過氣,而這群人當中,只有不到1成的人肺部X光有問題,「這可能暗示了,喘不過氣可能不是肺功能受損,而是心肌或心血管產生問題,但成因為何還不清楚。」

廣告
新冠肺炎_肺炎_後遺症
(新冠肺炎痊癒後的後遺症包括虛弱、憂鬱、疲憊、喘不過氣、記憶力變差等。圖片來源 / Shutterstock)

陶森也直言,如何擺脫揮之不去的後遺症,是目前醫界最大的問題。歐斯卓斯基也說,他試圖找出一些答案,例如營養缺乏、心肌或肺功能受損,但大多數都是徒勞無功。

美國倫諾克斯山醫院(Lenox Hill Hospital)急診醫師葛拉特(Robert Glatter)也提醒,醫療院所不僅要治療新冠肺炎,還必須準備應付病人痊癒後接踵而至的各種健康問題,這可能會再次拖垮整個醫療系統。(推薦閱讀:網傳進入新冠關鍵期?醫師公會澄清聲明 避戴隱形眼鏡、穿過衣物吊戶外2小時?專家破解防疫迷思)

台灣醫師:目前還沒發現這方面問題
國外發現,痊癒的新冠肺炎患者會持續受到不知原因為何的後遺症困擾,國內有這方面的情形嗎?指揮中心發言人莊人祥指出,目前台灣還是以防疫為主,還沒有追蹤痊癒者癒後的狀況。(推薦閱讀:台灣新冠疫苗最快3月到貨,5張圖看懂疫苗怎麼做)

林口長庚紀念醫院副院長、兒童感染科主治醫師邱政洵指出,以往SARS的觀察有肺部纖維化的後遺症,至於為什麼就需要研究。而國外所觀察到的這些症狀,其實也跟感染者本身原本的健康程度有關,很多染疫的人可能年長、有糖尿病、三高等慢性病問題,所以康復之後這些問題可能會惡化或引發其他症狀,至於實際是什麼原因,目前還沒有解答,仍需要更多研究。

廣告
衛福部立南投醫院感染控制科主任廖嘉宏也指出,根據經驗和觀察,SARS和流感會引發痊癒者的慢性疾病,或使慢性病更難以控制。

邱政洵也說,台灣目前沒有那麽多個案可以追蹤,所以無法確定是否出現其他後遺症,而相較國外動輒萬例起跳,國內案例不到千例,不太會出現如研究所擔憂的再次拖垮醫療系統,「要同時處理急性病人又要照顧有後遺症的人,當然負擔會大增,但台灣感染人數少、相對安全,這方面的壓力比較小,目前還是以防疫為主即可。」

責任編輯:陳祖晴

https://www.commonhealth.com.tw/article/83555



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2#
发表于 2021-9-10 13:12:30 | 只看该作者
金银潭新冠康复者出院一年后近半仍存在后遗症,88% 恢复工作

科研圈

2021/09/06

论文
论文标题:1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study
作者:Lixue Huang, Qun Yao, Xiaoying Gu, Qiongya Wang, Lili Ren, Yeming Wang, et al.
期刊:The Lancet
发表时间:2021/08/28
数字识别码:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01755-4
摘要:BackgroundThe full range of long-term health consequences of COVID-19 in patients who are discharged from hospital is largely unclear. The aim of our study was to comprehensively compare consequences between 6 months and 12 months after symptom onset among hospital survivors with COVID-19.MethodsWe undertook an ambidirectional cohort study of COVID-19 survivors who had been discharged from Jin Yin-tan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between Jan 7 and May 29, 2020. At 6-month and 12-month follow-up visit, survivors were interviewed with questionnaires on symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and received a physical examination, a 6-min walking test, and laboratory tests. They were required to report their health-care use after discharge and work status at the 12-month visit. Survivors who had completed pulmonary function tests or had lung radiographic abnormality at 6 months were given the corresponding tests at 12 months. Non-COVID-19 participants (controls) matched for age, sex, and comorbidities were interviewed and completed questionnaires to assess prevalent symptoms and HRQoL. The primary outcomes were symptoms, modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC) score, HRQoL, and distance walked in 6 min (6MWD). Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to evaluate the risk factors of 12-month outcomes.Findings1276 COVID-19 survivors completed both visits. The median age of patients was 59·0 years (IQR 49·0–67·0) and 681 (53%) were men. The median follow-up time was 185·0 days (IQR 175·0–198·0) for the 6-month visit and 349·0 days (337·0–361·0) for the 12-month visit after symptom onset. The proportion of patients with at least one sequelae symptom decreased from 68% (831/1227) at 6 months to 49% (620/1272) at 12 months (p<0·0001). The proportion of patients with dyspnoea, characterised by mMRC score of 1 or more, slightly increased from 26% (313/1185) at 6-month visit to 30% (380/1271) at 12-month visit (p=0·014). Additionally, more patients had anxiety or depression at 12-month visit (26% [331/1271] at 12-month visit vs 23% [274/1187] at 6-month visit; p=0·015). No significant difference on 6MWD was observed between 6 months and 12 months. 88% (422/479) of patients who were employed before COVID-19 had returned to their original work at 12 months. Compared with men, women had an odds ratio of 1·43 (95% CI 1·04–1·96) for fatigue or muscle weakness, 2·00 (1·48–2·69) for anxiety or depression, and 2·97 (1·50–5·88) for diffusion impairment. Matched COVID-19 survivors at 12 months had more problems with mobility, pain or discomfort, and anxiety or depression, and had more prevalent symptoms than did controls.InterpretationMost COVID-19 survivors had a good physical and functional recovery during 1-year follow-up, and had returned to their original work and life. The health status in our cohort of COVID-19 survivors at 12 months was still lower than that in the control population.FundingChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, the China Evergrande Group, Jack Ma Foundation, Sino Biopharmaceutical, Ping An Insurance (Group), and New Sunshine Charity Foundation.

所属学科:
医学
流行病学
21-8月 28 日,《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)发表了一项针对武汉金银潭医院 1276 名新冠患者出院后 6 个月或 12 个月的随访调查,发现 76% 的患者在出院 6 个月后仍有症状,不过 12 个月后有显著缓解,但仍有 49% 存在至少一种后遗症,仍未能恢复至健康基线水平;26% 的患者在 12 个月随访时出现焦虑或抑郁。此外,女性疲劳或肌肉无力的比例是男性的 1.43 倍,焦虑或抑郁的比例是男性的 2 倍,弥散障碍(氧气、二氧化碳等气体通过肺泡膜进行交换的物理弥散过程发生障碍)的比例则是男性的 2.97 倍。在患病前拥有工作的新冠幸存者中 88% 在 12 个月后恢复了原来的工作,且患者中大多数(76%)恢复了感染新冠前的工作水平。(澎湃新闻,The Lancet)

https://www.linkresearcher.com/t ... e-83ed-b9f9d087cc0e

相关阅读:武汉金银潭医院发表新冠肺炎的长期影响研究,76%患者在发病半年后仍有不适症状:

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz ... =21#wechat_redirect

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