标题: 自闭症 微生物学 [打印本页] 作者: 邓文龙 时间: 6 小时前 标题: 自闭症 微生物学 自闭症 微生物学
（自闭症科普知识）
自闭症 微生物学 ： 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种复杂的神经发育障碍，近年来，研究者发现肠道微生物群在ASD的发病机制中可能扮演重要角色。ASD患者常伴有胃肠道症状，如便秘、腹泻等，这些症状与肠道菌群失衡密切相关。
肠道菌群与ASD的关系：
• 菌群失衡： 研究表明，ASD儿童的肠道菌群结构与健康儿童存在显著差异。例如，ASD儿童肠道中Megamonas属细菌比例增高，且与行为症状的严重程度呈正相关。
• 饮食影响： 有研究认为，ASD儿童的饮食偏好可能导致肠道菌群多样性降低，而非肠道菌群的差异导致ASD的发生。
潜在的干预方法：
• 粪菌移植（FMT）： 将健康个体的肠道微生物群移植到ASD患者体内，以重建其肠道菌群平衡。部分研究显示，FMT可改善ASD患者的胃肠道症状和部分行为症状。
• 益生菌补充： 通过补充特定益生菌，调节肠道菌群组成，可能对ASD患者的社交障碍有所改善。然而，益生菌对疾病严重程度的影响尚不明确。
诊断与未来研究：
香港中文大学的研究团队开发了一种基于31种肠道微生物标志物的检测工具，可用于评估儿童患ASD的风险。
尽管肠道微生物群在ASD中的作用备受关注，但其具体机制仍需进一步研究。未来，深入探讨肠道菌群与ASD之间的关系，有望为ASD的诊断和治疗提供新的思路。
( Software translation ) Autism Microbiology: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, and in recent years, researchers have found that the gut microbiota may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD. Patients with ASD often have gastrointestinal symptoms, such as constipation, diarrhea, etc. These symptoms are closely related to the imbalance of intestinal flora.
The relationship between gut microbiota and ASD:
· Microbiota imbalance: Studies have shown that the gut microbiota structure of children with ASD is significantly different from that of healthy children.For example, an increased proportion of Megamonas bacteria in the gut of children with ASD is positively associated with the severity of behavioral symptoms.
· Dietary effects: It has been suggested that dietary preferences in children with ASD may lead to reduced gut microbiota diversity, while non-gut microbiota differences contribute to the development of ASD.
Potential interventions:
· Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT): Transplanting the gut microbiota of a healthy individual into a patient with ASD to reestablish their gut microbiota balance.Some studies have shown that FMT can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and some behavioral symptoms in patients with ASD.
· Probiotic supplementation: Specific probiotic supplementation that modifies the composition of the gut microbiota may improve social communication disturbances in people with ASD.However, the effect of probiotics on disease severity is unclear.
Diagnosis and Future Research:
A research team from the University of Hong Kong has developed a test based on 31 gut microbiomarkers that can be used to assess the risk of developing ASD in children.
Although the role of gut microbiota in ASD has received much attention, the specific mechanisms need to be further studied. In the future, in-depth study of the relationship between intestinal microbiota and ASD is expected to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of ASD.
