本文中,小编整理了2012-2021年的搞笑诺贝尔奖中与生物或医学领域相关的有趣奖项,分享给大家!
搞笑诺贝尔奖(Ig Nobel Prizes)由美国人马克亚伯拉罕斯创办,此人创办了一份名为《Annals of Improbable Research》的科学幽默杂志,从1991年开始,每年颁奖一次。入选“搞笑”版诺贝尔奖的科学成果必须不同寻常,能激发人们对科学、医学和技术的兴趣。与其他学术奖不同,另类诺贝尔奖得主不会拿到任何奖金,得不到各方赞誉,更不可能使科学出现革命性进步,但是所有获奖的研究都曾在著名学术杂志上发表。
搞笑诺贝尔奖每年一次;其奖项既包括生物、医学、物理、和平、经济、文学等固定奖项,也包括公共卫生、考古、营养学等随机奖项。“搞笑诺贝尔奖”的获奖者是由《Annals of Improbable Research》的编辑们、科学家们(其中还包括几位诺贝尔奖获得者)、记者们和来自多个国家的各个领域的精英们组成的管理委员会选出的。
本文中,小编整理了2012-2021年的搞笑诺贝尔奖中与生物或医学领域相关的有趣奖项,分享给大家!
2021年
生物学奖:喵星人竟然会说十几种语言!
获奖者: Susanne Schotz、Robert Eklund和Joost van de Weijer
[1]“A Comparative Acoustic Analysis of Purring in Four Cats,” Susanne Schotz and Robert Eklund, Proceedings of Fonetik 2011, Speech, Music and Hearing, KTH, Stockholm, TMH-QPSR, 51.
[2]“A Phonetic Pilot Study of Vocalisations in Three Cats,” Susanne Schotz, Proceedings of Fonetik 2012, Department of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
[3]“A Phonetic Pilot Study of Chirp, Chatter, Tweet and Tweedle in Three Domestic Cats,” Susanne Schotz, Proceedings of Fonetik 2013, Link?ping University, Sweden, 2013, pp. 65-68.
[4]“A Study of Human Perception of Intonation in Domestic Cat Meows,” Susanne Schotz and Joost van de Weijer, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Speech Prosody, Dubin, Ireland, May 20-23, 2014.
[5]“Melody in Human–Cat Communication (Meowsic): Origins, Past, Present and Future,” Susanne Schotz, Robert Eklund, and Joost van de Weijer, 2016.
图片来源:6xc.com.au
生态学奖:丢弃的口香糖就能反映全球人群口腔的微生态健康!
获奖者:Leila Satari, Alba Guillén, àngela Vidal-Verdú和Manuel Porcar
获奖理由:通过进行遗传学分析在多个国家的人行横道上丢弃的口香糖中发现了不同种类的细菌。
参考资料:“The Wasted Chewing Gum Bacteriome,” Leila Satari, Alba Guillén, àngela Vidal-Verdú, and Manuel Porcar, Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 16846, 2020.doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73913-4
医学奖:想让呼吸更加顺畅?try sexual orgasms!
获奖者:Olcay Cem Bulut, Dare Oladokun, Burkard Lippert和Ralph Hohenberger
获奖理由:在改善鼻腔呼吸方面,性高潮或许能像减充血药物一样有效。
参考资料: “Can Sex Improve Nasal Function? — An Exploration of the Link Between Sex and Nasal Function,” Olcay Cem Bulut, Dare Oladokun, Burkard M. Lippert, and Ralph Hohenberger, Ear, Nose & Throat Journal, 2021, no. 0145561320981441, doi:10.1177/0145561320981441
和平奖:人类长胡子原来是为了保护自己?
获奖者:Ethan Beseris, Steven Naleway和David Carrier
获奖理由:验证了人类在进化过程中长胡须是为了保护自己的脸部免受攻击或损伤。
参考资料:“Impact Protection Potential of Mammalian Hair: Testing the Pugilism Hypothesis for the Evolution of Human Facial Hair,” Ethan A. Beseris, Steven E. Naleway, David R. Carrier, Integrative Organismal Biology, vol. 2, no. 1, 2020, obaa005,doi:10.1093/iob/obaa005
昆虫学奖:终于在潜艇中能杀死小强了!
获奖者:John Mulrennan, Jr., Roger Grothaus, Charles Hammond和Jay Lamdin
获奖理由:找到了在潜艇上防治蟑螂的好方法。
参考资料:“A New Method of Cockroach Control on Submarines,” John A. Mulrennan, Jr., Roger H. Grothaus, Charles L. Hammond, and Jay M. Lamdin, Journal of Economic Entomology, vol. 64, no. 5, October 1971, pp. 1196-8,doi:10.1093/jee/64.5.1196
2020年
声学奖
获奖者:Stephan Reber, Takeshi Nishimura, Judith Janisch, Mark Robertson和Tecumseh Fitch
参考文献:Stephan A. Reber,Takeshi Nishimura,Judith Janisch, et al.A Chinese alligator in heliox: formant frequencies in a crocodilian J Exp Biol. 2015 Aug; 218(15): 2442–2447.doi: 10.1242/jeb.119552
【1】Arjan E.Schroder,Nienke C.Vulink,Arnoud J.van Loon, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in misophonia: An open trial, Journal of Affective Disordes Volume 217, 1 August 2017, Pages 289-294 doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.017
【2】Arjan Schrrder,Nienke Vulink,Damiaan Denys. Misophonia: Diagnostic Criteria for a New Psychiatric Disorder, PLoS One, January 23,2013,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054706
医学教育奖
获奖者:Jair Bolsonaro of Brazil, Boris Johnson of the United Kingdom, Narendra Modi of India, Andrés Manuel López Obrador of Mexico, Alexander Lukashenko of Belarus, Donald Trump of the USA, Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey, Vladimir Putin of Russia, and Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow of Turkmenistan
参考文献:【1】Silvano Gallus, Cristina Bosetti, Eva Negri, et al. “Does Pizza Protect Against Cancer?”International Journal of Cancer, vol.107, no. 2, November 1, 2003, pp. 283-284, doi:10.1002/ijc.11382
【2】Silvano Gallus, A. Tavani, C. La Vecchia,“Pizza and Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction,”European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 58, no. 11, November 2004, pp. 1543-1546, doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601997
【3】Silvano Gallus, Renato Talamini, Cristina Bosetti,et al.“Pizza Consumption and the Risk of Breast, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer,”European Journal of Cancer Prevention, vol. 15, no. 1, February 2006, pp. 74-76, doi:10.1097/01.cej.0000186632.04625.f6
参考文献:I. Martin Levy, Karen W. Pryor,Theresa R. McKeon. Is Teaching Simple Surgical Skills Using an Operant Learning Program More Effective Than Teaching by Demonstration,” Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, vol. 474, no. 4, April 2016, pp. 945–955, doi:10.1007/s11999-015-4555-8
图片来源:Wikimedia
生物学奖
获奖者:Ling-Jun Kong, Herbert Crepaz, Agnieszka Górecka, Aleksandra Urbanek, Rainer Dumke,Tomasz Paterek
参考文献:Ling-Jun Kong, Herbert Crepaz, Agnieszka Górecka, et al. In-Vivo Biomagnetic Characterisation of the American Cockroach,”Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018: 5140, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23005-1
参考文献:Bourras Bengoudifa,Roger Mieusset.Thermal Asymmetry of the Human Scrotum, Human Reproduction, vol. 22, no. 8, 2007, pp. 2178-2182, doi:10.1093/humrep/dem133
参考文献:【1】Fritz Strack, Leonard L. Martin, Sabine Stepper. Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile: a nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis,Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 54, no. 5, 1988, pp. 768-777
【2】Fritz Strack. From Data to Truth in Psychological Science. A Personal Perspective, Frontiers in Psychology, May 16, 2017.doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00702
2018年
医学奖
获奖者:Marc Mitchell, David Wartinger
获奖研究:利用过山车来加速机体 肾结石的脱落
参考文献:Marc A. Mitchell, David D. Wartinger, Validation of a Functional Pyelocalyceal Renal Model for the Evaluation of Renal Calculi Passage While Riding a Roller Coaster, The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, vol. 116, October 2016, pp. 647-652. doi:10.7556/jaoa.2016.128
获奖者:Paula Romao, Adília Alarcao,the late César Viana
获奖研究:证实了人类的唾液或许能作为清理肮脏表面的良好清洁剂
参考文献:Romao, Paula M.S.; Alarcao, Adília M.; Viana, César A. N.; Human Saliva as a Cleaning Agent for Dirty Surfaces, Studies in Conservation, vol. 35, 1990, pp. 153-155.
参考文献:Akira Horiuchi,Yoshiko Nakayama, Colonoscopy in the Sitting Position: Lessons Learned From Self-Colonoscopy by Using a Small-Caliber, Variable-Stiffness Colonoscope, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, vol. 63, No. 1, 2006, pp. 119-20. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2005.10.014
参考文献:James Cole. Assessing the Calorific Significance of Episodes of Human Cannibalism in the Paleolithic, Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 44707, April 7, 2017. doi: 10.1038/srep44707
获奖者:Jean-Pierre Royet, David Meunier, Nicolas Torquet, et al. 获奖课题:The Neural Bases of Disgust for Cheese: An fMRI Study。(doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00511)。
获奖者:Fernanda Ito, Enrico Bernard, and Rodrigo Torres. 获奖课题:What is for Dinner? First Report of Human Blood in the Diet of the Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat Diphylla ecaudata。(doi:10.3161/15081109ACC2016.18.2.017)
获奖者:Marisa López-Teijón, álex García-Faura, Alberto Prats-Galino, et al. 获奖课题:Fetal Facial Expression in Response to Intravaginal Music Emission。(doi:10.1177/1742271x15609367)
获奖者:Matteo Martini, Ilaria Bufalari, Maria Antonietta Stazi, et al. 获奖课题:Is That Me or My Twin? Lack of Self-Face Recognition Advantage in Identical Twins。(doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120900)
获奖者:Kazunori Yoshizawa, Rodrigo Ferreira, Yoshitaka Kamimura et al. 获奖课题:Female Penis, Male Vagina and Their Correlated Evolution in a Cave Insect。(doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.022)