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论文标题：Mosaic nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive immune responses to zoonotic coronaviruses in mice
作者：Alexander A. Cohen , Priyanthi N. P. Gnanapragasam , Yu E. Lee , Pauline R. Hoffman , Susan Ou , Leesa M. Kakutani , Jennifer R. Keeffe , Hung-Jen Wu , Mark Howarth , Anthony P. West , Christopher O. Barnes , Michel C. Nussenzweig , Pamela J. Bjorkman
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期刊：Science
发表时间：2021/02/12
数字识别码：10.1126/science.abf6840
摘要：Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and SARS-related emergent zoonotic coronaviruses is urgently needed. We made homotypic nanoparticles displaying the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 or co-displaying SARS-CoV-2 RBD along with RBDs from animal betacoronaviruses that represent threats to humans (mosaic nanoparticles with four to eight distinct RBDs). Mice immunized with RBD nanoparticles, but not soluble antigen, elicited cross-reactive binding and neutralization responses. Mosaic RBD nanoparticles elicited antibodies with superior cross-reactive recognition of heterologous RBDs relative to sera from immunizations with homotypic SARS-CoV-2–RBD nanoparticles or COVID-19 convalescent human plasmas. Moreover, after priming, sera from mosaic RBD–immunized mice neutralized heterologous pseudotyped coronaviruses as well as or better than sera from homotypic SARS-CoV-2–RBD nanoparticle immunizations, demonstrating no loss of immunogenicity against particular RBDs resulting from co-display. A single immunization with mosaic RBD nanoparticles provides a potential strategy to simultaneously protect against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging zoonotic coronaviruses.
“不幸的是SARS-CoV-2很可能不是最后一个能够导致大流行的冠状病毒。“研究的资深作者之一，加州理工学院的Pamela J. Bjorkman博士说，“这项研究表明，激发广泛多样的中和抗体反应是可能的，包括针对在纳米颗粒中不存在的冠状病毒株。我们希望这一技术能够用于预防未来从动物传播到人类的冠状病毒。”
近日，斯克里普斯研究所（The Scripps Research Institute）的Dennis R. Burton博士和Eric J. Topol博士在《自然》杂志上发表的评论指出，在一年内开发出有效的新冠疫苗无疑是巨大的成功。然而对于如何预防未来的大流行，我们应该考虑“在病原体出现之后才做出反应”之外的应对策略。开发具有广谱中和效力的抗体以及能够激发这类中和抗体的泛病毒疫苗，可能成为预防或治疗尚未出现的病毒的有力手段，而投资进行这方面基础和临床研究的时机就在当下。
注：本文旨在介绍医药健康研究，不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得治疗方案指导，请前往正规医院就诊。
参考资料：
[1] Cohen et al., (2021). Mosaic nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive immune responses to zoonotic coronaviruses in mice. Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.abf6840
[4] Lu et al., (2021). A combination of cross-neutralizing antibodies synergizes to 2 prevent SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV pseudovirus infection. BioRxiv, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.11.430866.
