中文摘要:
花生四烯乙醇胺（arachidonoylethanolamide, anandamide，ANA）是近年来确定的大麻素受体的内源性配基，它主要分布在中枢神经系统、免疫系统及子宫等部位，具有大麻的主要活性成分——Δ9-四氢大麻酚（Δ9-THC）的药理功能.ANA有两种受体，即脑型受体（CB1）和脾型受体（CB2），它们都是与GTP偶联的跨膜受体，是ANA发挥作用的主要途径.脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（fatty acid amide hydrolase，FAAH）是ANA特异性极高的水解酶，它可以迅速调节ANA在体内的含量，从而发挥特异的生理作用.
英文摘要:
Anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamide), an arachidonic acid derivative, is an endogenous ligand for cannabinoid receptors, which are members of the G protein (Gi)-coupled receptors family. Ananamide is mainly found in central nervous system, immune system and uterus etc and mimics most of the effects of (－)Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinoid ［(－)Δ9-THC］, a psycoactive derivative of marijuana. Fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which is involved in hydrolyzing anandamide to arachidonic acid and ethanolamide, may quickly regulate level of anandamide in vivo.
A Genetic Component to National Differences in Happiness
Michael Minkov et al.
The country with the highest happiness rating, Mexico, also had the highest estimated prevalence of A allele, the researchers found. Ghana and Nigeria also had high ratings for both, as did Columbia, Venezuela and Ecuador. Iraq and Jordan, along with Hong Kong, China, Thailand and Taiwan—all of which had a low prevalence of A allele—were also the least likely to rate themselves as "very happy". Northern Europeans had a much higher prevalence of the A allele, and rate themselves happier than those in central and southern Europe. The genetic data used corresponded to ethnicity, which meant researchers had to estimate "national" figures by taking into account each country's mix of ethnic groups. Evolution was one possible explanation for higher A allele prevalence in equatorial and tropical environments, said Minkov.
